Propagating toroidal electromagnetic excitations and their interactions with metamaterials and nanostructures
نویسندگان
چکیده
We report on the electromagnetic properties of ‘focused doughnuts’ (FD), space-time localized solutions to Maxwell’s equations with toroidal topology. We show that light-matter interactions of FD pulses, include non-trivial field transformations and broadband modal excitations.
منابع مشابه
Electromagnetic toroidal excitations in matter and free space.
The toroidal dipole is a localized electromagnetic excitation, distinct from the magnetic and electric dipoles. While the electric dipole can be understood as a pair of opposite charges and the magnetic dipole as a current loop, the toroidal dipole corresponds to currents flowing on the surface of a torus. Toroidal dipoles provide physically significant contributions to the basic characteristic...
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